Note: the metal carriage and belt tensioner in the middle image is not part of the kit.

Features ¶ 

• Built-in nozzle contact detection (Z probe)
• Three white LEDs to illuminate the bed whenever the hot end fan is powered
• Green LED to indicate Z probe triggering and successful programming
• Amber LED to indicate power to hot end heater
• Matching PCB carriage adaptors ensure uniform spacing between bearings at top and bottom of the rods, for accurate nozzle motion
• Power and signal connectors on top for connection to the 3D printer control electronics, to make removal of the hot end easier
• Connectors on underside for hot end heater, hot end fan, print cooling fan and temperature sensor
• Support for thermistor, or 2-wire PT100 temperature sensor with 2- or 4-wire connection back to electronics (version for 4-wire PT100 sensor available to special order)

Compatibility ¶ 

• Compatible with E3Dv6 hot end using custom heatsink (heatsink available as part of the kit)
• Effector and carriage adapters suit magnetic ball studs with M3 tails
• carriage adapters suit carriages with 4 x M3 fixing holes in a 20mm square
• Compatible with 12V and 24V heaters, and 12V and 24V hot end fan power (jumper selectable, see note below)
• 3.3V or 5V supply needed for nozzle contact sensor
• Programmable nozzle contact sensitivity when used with Duet series electronics

Note: The smart effector can be supplied with either 12V or 24V for the hotend heater, hotend cooling fan and print cooling fan. The print illumination LEDs run off the same circuit as the hotend cooling fan (so they come on when the hotend cooling fan is on). If you supply 12V for the hotend cooling fan you need to bridge the "on for 12V" jumper or else the LEDs will be dim.

Dimensions ¶ 

Strain Effector Dimensions ¶ 

Carriage Adaptor Dimensions ¶ 

SmartEffector SMT Component Clearances ¶ 

For those people who want to make parts that fit flush with the underside of the board this gives the approximate clearances for SMT components on the bottom of the board.

Parts supplied ¶ 

Parts you need to obtain elsewhere ¶ 

If you use our design for a print cooling fan attachment, then you will also need:

Tools needed ¶ 

• 5.5mm spanner
• 10mm spanner
• Crimp tool e.g. HT-225D
• Wire strippers
• Wire cutters
• Small flat-blade screwdriver, if your effector has a terminal block for the heater connection
• Nut locking compound (or super glue)

Connectors and Wiring ¶ 

(Click on the image for a larger version)

Top side ¶ 

The power connector (Input 1) is a 2 x 3 pin black Molex Microfit 3 connector. The pins are labelled on the underside and should be connected as follows:

The HF+ and HF- pins also power the illumination LEDs.

The signal connector (Input 2) is an 8-way white Molex KK connector. The pins are labelled on the underside and should be connected as follows:

The 4 connections for the Z probe are in the same order as the Z probe connector on the Duet. Similarly for the PT100 connections.

Underside ¶ 

You can use a 4-wire PT100 connection from the effector back to the Duet even if you are using a 2-pin PT100 sensor with a 2-pin connector.

Warnings ¶ 

• The heatsink must be accurately centred in the effector. Production versions of the E3D heatsink have a shoulder to make it self-centering. If you have a prototype heatsink, use either the plastic split washer or the spacer, so that the PCB traces on the underside are clear of the heatsink.
• Take care not to damage the fine traces on the PCB during assembly! If you use the 3 extra mounting holes to attach anything to the effector, there must be no metal or abrasive parts next to the PCB on either side. So use nylon washers under any screw heads or nuts.
• Once you have inserted the crimp pins into the black Molex shells, they are impossible to remove without an expensive tool. So make quite sure that the crimp connection is secure, and make sure you have it in the correct hole before pushing it home. We supply 1 spare 6-way shell and some spare crimp pins.
• If you have a prototype effector, one of the rods may foul the corner of the 8-way white Molex connector when the nozzle is at the extreme edge of the bed. Please check for this, and if necessary restrict the probing radius and printing radius to avoid this, and/or file down the corner of the connector shell.

Assembly ¶ 

Effector and hot end ¶ 

1. Attach the ball studs to the effector using M3 washers and nuts (you can use plain or nylock nuts, your choice). The balls must be on the top side, which is the side with the 6-way and 8-way connectors. If you will be using our print cooling fan duct design, leave off the two ball studs in the corner adjacent to the "Duet3D Compatible" logo and text because the fan mount will also be attached there. Tighten with 10mm and 5.5mm spanners. Position the 5.5mm spanner on the nut carefully, to avoid damaging the surface-mount LEDs on the underside of the board adjacent to the nuts.
2. If you will be using a 12V supply for the hot end fan, fit the jumper supplied across the pins labelled "on for 12V". Leave the jumper off for 24V.
3. If the thermistor or PT100 sensor does not already have a short cable terminating in a black 2-pin Molex Microfit plug, cut the cable to 60mm to 80mm length and fit the plug.
4. If your hot end fan does not already have a short cable terminating in a black 2-pin Molex Microfit plug, cut the cable to 60mm to 80mm length and fit the plug.
5. Assemble the E3D hot end, or replace the heatsink on your existing one. Don't forget to put a collet in the top of the heatsink if it doesn't already have one fitted. Note that the fan assembly must be fitted with the overhang at the bottom, unless you use a 4mm spacer between the heatsink and the effector (see later).
6. If using a prototype heatsink, temporarily place the printed split washer over the top of the heatsink above the threaded section and make sure that the hole in the top of the effector can just fit around the washer. If necessary, trim the washer with a knife. Then screw the split washer all the way down the threaded part of the top of the heatsink until it it over the smooth section below the thread. If you use a printed spacer between the heatsink and the effector (see later) then you do not need the split washer.
7. Put the top of the heatsink through the hole in the bottom of the effector, all the way until the effector is against the the top heatsink fin (which is smaller than the other heatsink fins). Make sure that the heatsink is centred in the effector.
8. Put the fibre or plastic washer above the PCB over the heatsink thread, then secure the effector to the heatsink using the nut. Do not tighten it yet.
9. If you are using our print cooling fan design, rotate the hot end so that the protruding end of the heater block faces towards the edge of the effector that carries the two white 2-pin Molex KK connectors (see photo later). This is to leave room for the print cooling fan, which will be attached to the opposite corner.
10. Tighten the nut. You can use a strap wrench to hold the heatsink body in place if necessary. A small amount of nut lock compound or superglue on the threads will prevent the nut from vibrating loose over time.
11. If your PCB effector has a 2-pin terminal block for the heater leads (labelled H on the top side), trim the cartridge heater leads to the required length, strip the ends, and crimp the ferrules on. Then attach the wires to the screw terminals. If your PCB effector has a third black 2-pin Molex Microfit connector for the heater connection instead, this is for the new version of the E3D cartridge heater that has a Molex Microfit plug attached already, and you can just plug it in.
12. Plug the thermistor or PT100 sensor into the 2-pin socket labelled TEMP.
13. Plug the hot end fan into the socket labelled Hotend Fan.

You can optionally print a spacer, 16mm outside diameter x 12mm inside diameter x about 4mm long to fit between the heatsink and the effector, to allow more room below the effector.

At this stage your effector should look like this, viewed from the underside.

Print cooling fan assembly ¶ 

1. Push the brass inserts into the fan duct, using a warm soldering iron to help them if necessary
2. Cut the fan wires to length and terminate them in a 2-pin Molex KK shell, observing correct polarity (see photo)
3. Put the side of the fan with the label on it against the fan duct, rotated so that the wires are in an appropriate position, and secure it using two M3x10mm screws into the brass inserts
4. Place the fan bracket over the other two holes on the front of the fan, then secure it using two M3x20mm screws and Nylock nuts

Your print cooling fan assembly should look like this. The fan duct was printed green and the fan bracket was printed red.

Effector final assembly ¶ 

1. Secure the fan bracket to the underside of the effector using the two remaining ball studs and M3 nuts. Make sure that the fan duct is not right up against the hot end heater block.
2. If desired, secure the round spirit level to the top surface with superglue or double sided adhesive tape.

Here are some images showing the placement of the print cooling fan. The fan duct was printed green and the fan bracket was printed red.

Carriage adapters ¶ 

Fit 2 ball studs to the outer holes in each carriage adaptor. Then fit the carriage adapters between your carriages and the linear sliders or wheeled trucks.

Putting all together ¶ 

In final assembly arm should be parallel to each other. So, each pair of arms coming out from carriage adaptor should land on the LONG side of the effector. Otherwise it will be unstable.

Fit the arms so that N and S magnetic poles alternate around the effector. This maximises the strength of the magnetic joints, and makes it less likely that the magnets will interfere with the fans.

Commissioning ¶ 

The following instructions assume you are using the effector with Duet electronics.

1. Double-check that you have made the right connections
2. In your config.g file select Z probe type 5, feed rate 1200mm/min and recovery time 0.4 seconds in your M558 command (M558 P5 R0.4 F1200 + whatever other parameters you want)
3. In your config.g file select probe threshold 100, trigger height -0.1, and zero XY offsets in your G31 command (G31 P100 X0 Y0 Z-0.1). You can tune the trigger height later to get a more accurate Z=0 position for that perfect first layer.
4. Power up your printer electronics using 5V or USB power only. Three seconds after power up, the green LED located on the top of SmartEffector (next to unpopulated programming header) should flash twice.
5. Give the hot end nozzle a gentle but sharp tap upwards (if the nozzle is cold, you can use your finger for this). The green LED should flash each time you tap it, indicating that the nozzle contact sensor has triggered and a pulse has been sent to the electronics.
6. Apply 12V or 24V power to your electronics. If your hot end fan is wired permanently to 12V or 24V then the three illumination LEDs should light up and the hot end fan should run. If you are using thermostatic control of the hot end fan, command your hot end to a temperature just high enough for the thermostatic fan control you are using to kick in, and make sure that the fan and illumination turn on when the threshold temperature is reached.
7. Check that the Z probe reading in Duet Web Control or in Panel Due or returned when you send G31 without parameters is zero.
8. Home the printer, then send command G30 to start a single probing move. Tap the nozzle upwards; the green LED should flash and the probing move should stop.
9. If that is working, home the printer again and run auto calibration. Caution: your effector to nozzle distance will probably be different from whatever it was before you installed the PCB effector. So measure the homed height again and put that figure into the H parameter in your M665 command. Also set the M558 H parameter to a larger value temporarily (e.g. 30) to start probing from a greater height, until you have completed calibration.

Programming the sensitivity ¶ 

The force needed to trigger the sensor is programmable on a scale of 0 to 255. The default is 50. You can adjust the sensitivity according to your needs:

• Lower numbers need less nozzle contact force to trigger the sensor. However, there is a greater risk that vibration from the stepper motors will cause false triggering. Also, electrical or magnetic interference from the heatsink fan and/or hot end fan may cause false triggering. [False triggering when the effector is moving between probe points doesn't matter if you use the recommended 0.4 seconds recovery time.]
• Higher numbers make the sensor more resistant to false triggering, at the expense of needing a greater nozzle contact force.

To program the sensor, send command M672 S105:aaa:bbb replacing aaa by the desired sensitivity and bbb by 255 - aaa. The green LED will flash 4 times if the command is accepted. When you subsequently power up the effector, the green LED will flash three times instead of twice to indicate that a custom sensitivity is being used.

To revert to factory settings, send command M672 S131:131. The green LED will flash 5 times if the command is accepted. When you subsequently power up the effector, the green LED will flash twice to indicate that default settings are being used.

Compatibility with other electronics and firmware ¶ 

The Smart Effector has been optimised for use with Duet WiFi and Duet Ethernet electronics running RepRapFirmware. We are unable to guarantee its operation with other electronics and/or firmware. If you wish to try it with other electronics, the following may help, and we will welcome your feedback.

Connections ¶ 

You can treat the effector as a traditional 3-wire Z probe by leaving pin 7 (Control input) of the 8-pin connector unconnected. It will accept 3.3V or 5V power.

Pin 5 (the Output pin) has a 1K series resistor to help protect the effector electronics against mis-wiring. This will not cause any problems if the Z probe input on your electronics has no pullup resistor or a high value pullup resistor (e.g. 10K or more). However, Smoothieboards have a low value pullup resistor on the Z probe input pin, which is likely to result in failure of the board to detect the low state of the pin. So you should connect the effector output to a different pin, and declare this in the Smoothieware configuration file.

Sensitivity ¶ 

Currently, only RepRapFirmware has the facility to send programming commands to the effector. (We may in future write an Arduino sketch to provide this function too.) So if you use the Smart Effector with any other firmware, you will have to use the default sensitivity. This sensitivity works well using the standard E3D hot end fan and Duet WiFi and Duet Ethernet electronics, which provide very smooth motion due to the use of x256 microstepping. If your electronics and firmware do not use high microstepping, then the vibration during a Z probing move may cause spurious triggering at the default sensitivity. If you use a different hot end fan, it may cause interference, requiring a reduction in sensitivity.

Acceleration at the start of a probing move ¶ 

Sudden acceleration at the start of a Z probing move may cause spurious triggering. RepRapFirmware reduces acceleration for Z probing moves. With other firmwares, you might need to reduce the Z acceleration either in the configuration file or using the M201 command.

Z probe recovery time ¶ 

A fast travel move before or between Z probing moves may cause the strain gauge sensor to trigger. To avoid this, you need to configure a delay between the end of a travel move and the start of a Z probing move. There are builds of most of the common firmwares that offer this facility, but the stable versions of these firmwares may not provide it yet.

Open source ¶ 

The firmware source files are published here:

https://github.com/dc42/Duet3dSmartEffec...

The electronic hardware source files are available here:

https://github.com/T3P3/SmartEffector